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The importance and possibilities of career guidance
Kovaříková, Tereza ; Veteška, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vaněček, David (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis entitled "The importance and possibilities of career guidance" was to find out and describe the position of a career adviser and the possibilities and barriers of career guidance. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts, namely: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on three main thematic units. In the first chapter, the concept of career guidance is defined, target groups, forms, diagnosis, limits, possibilities and barriers of career guidance are listed. The second chapter is devoted to a career adviser, code of ethics, competences, specializations, work activities and psychohygiene for career advisers. The third chapter is focused on education of career advisers and their further education. The methodology of the research investigation is described in the practical part. A case study was chosen as the research design. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with three career advisers. The interviews were focused on five topics, namely: position of career adviser, possibilities of career guidance, barriers of career guidance, education and further education of career adviser. After using the open coding technique, the analysed data from the interviews were interpreted, the results were summarized and a discussion of...
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The Educational Role of the Václav Havel Library
Pavlovský, Jakub ; Veteška, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kříž, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the educational role of the Václav Havel Library, i.e. its role in the field of adult education. There are several objectives of the thesis. In addition to introducing the library, analysing and characterising the cultural and civic impact of this institution on adult individuals who have attended at least five educational events in a one-year period, it is also to identify its impact on the development of democratic culture. The thesis also characterises the civic education of adults and their civic competences and describes the role of the Václav Havel Library within the framework of cultural andragogy, a field that is both approached and described in its historical context and through contemporary means. The aim of cultural andragogy is to support adults in acquiring cultural values and meeting the needs of self- realisation. Other cultural institutions involved in civic and leisure education of adults have an essential place in this thesis. The above objectives are linked in the research part and analysed through interviews and open coding method to show the effect of the activities of the Václav Havel Library on the visitors. The results of the research show that the Václav Havel Library is an important facilitator of the conscious and unconscious process of inclusion of...
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Prospective study of adults diet and their vitamin D blood level
HAVLOVÁ, Adéla
Vitamin D is a widely discussed topic in domestic and foreign literature. Vitamin D serves many functions in human body, for example in affects calcium metabolism. Vitamin D is produced photochemically during sun exposure and partly it is consumed with food intake. This thesis is concerned with the problematic of dietary intake of vitamin D. The goal of my research was to analyze a relationship between a specific amount of vitamin D intake with food and vitamin D level in blood in a person. In this research quantitative methodology - prospective method was used. The participants of my research wrote down every meal they ate every day for nine months. They specified amount and kind of consumed food intake. Participants blood was analyzed for levels of calcidiol, alkaline phosphatase, calcaemia and phosphataemia. The blood was taken twice during the research. The number of participants involved six women and three men. The research started on 1 March 2021 and lasted until 30 November 2021. The participants from the research had no record of gastrointestinal diseases, this could affect vitamin D absorption from dietary intake and that could lead to biased results. This research was led as a blinded experiment to prevent experimental bias. It was important that the participants did not consume higher or lower amounts of vitamin D on purpose. Each participant followed regular assorted diet and did not restrict oneself in food intake. The results showed that participants of this study consumed more vitamin D in their diet on weekends rather that in a regular day. It was further discovered that in spring vitamin D blood level correlated with the amount of consumed vitamin D in diet. Median value of vitamin D intake in diet for one participant was 2,268 g per day, average value was 3,55 g per day. Based on the evaluated participants lists of meals was discovered that the amount of consumed vitamin D in diet made 17,75 % of its guideline daily amounts.
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Death topic in kindergarten through the adults perspective
VÁŇOVÁ, Veronika
The bachelor's thesis is aimed to opening and sharing the topic of death with respect to kindergartens. Theoretical part describes the perception to death of children of preschool age and how they experienced death of the close one. Provides examples when and how mention this topic at kindergartens. Also considers the general public attitude to further work in kindergartens. The aim of practical part is to clarify if the topic of death is discussed in kindergartens, if not, what is the reason. Also, whether the opinions of the general public coincide with kindergarten's teachers. In order to achieve these opinions, a research based on a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews was chosen. The qualitative research is aimed to attitude and work of kindergarten's teachers to open the topic of death in kindergartens. The quantitative research follows adult's attitude to the possibilities and manners how to open the topic of death with preschool children. The most of respondents understands talking about death as important topic with preschool children and intends to include the topic of death to kindergarten's schedule. Especially by telling the teacher continuously during the activities of the year or on the Feast of the Dead. Kindergartens teachers are concerned about parent's reactions.
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The quality of life of adults with ADHD
Česlová, Karolína ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) in the adult population with the aim of finding out how this disorder manifests itself in the everyday life of an adult, whether it affects him/her and to what extent. Information was obtained from 37 already diagnosed adult men and women who voluntarily participated in the research in the form of a structured multiple-choice questionnaire. The findings gathered were then evaluated, compared with available experience and also contributed to answering the questions I had previously considered. Thanks to the answers and its closer examination from the people so diagnosed, it appears that this disorder interferes with their daily lives, affecting their actions and their very quality of life. Awareness of ADHD in adulthood among both the general public and, to some extent, the professional public is still relatively low.
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Alternative and augmentative communication for adults with combined disabilities
Frošová, Iva ; Komorná, Marie (advisor) ; Kotvová, Miroslava (referee)
The master thesis deals with alternative and augmentative communication for adults with combined disabilities. It defines the theoretical foundations of disability, more specifically combined disability. It also describes the communication of people with combined disabilities and explains concepts such as communication, impaired communication skills or speech therapy intervention for people with combined disabilities. Its disadvantages relate more to alternative and augmentative communication, in which it describes in more detail the methods and systems, diagnostic aspects, training of use or its advantages and benefits. The main purpose of this work is to describe the use of alternative and augmentative communication in the everyday life of adults with combined disabilities, especially in everyday activities and also in the possibility of expressing their needs and feelings. The research survey took place in two phases, in the first phase case studies of adults with combined disabilities were prepared and in the second phase participatory observation and direct work with individual persons was carried out. At the end of the work, the benefits of alternative and augmentative communication in adults with combined disabilities are characterized.
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Comparison of Immune System of Newborns and Adults
Dusilová, Adéla ; Hrdý, Jiří (advisor) ; Zajícová, Alena (referee)
In general, it is possible to characterize neonatal immune system (IS) as immature in comparison to adult IS. From a clinical point of view, newborns show an increased susceptibility to infections. Breastfeeding can contribute to the descent incidence of illnesses, because it supplies the intestinal mucosal system with antibodies of the mother`s origin, important nutrients and other immunoregulatory components. Breast milk compensates decreased newborn's capacity to produce immunoglobulins- especially IgA, that concentration reaches adult levels in two years, but even later (to the pubescent period). Other classes of antibodies are found in cord blood only sporadically except IgG, which is transferred transplacentary. Reduced ability of B lymphocytes to produce antibodies is caused by insufficient expression of surface costimulatory signals of Th2 cells. T lymphocytes are not able to react properly to low doses of stimulators (polyclonal activators - phytoid lectins: ConA or PHA), which bind to T cell receptors in complex with CD3 and proliferate in a response to anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies. Most of the cord blood T lymphocytes display "naive" phenotype CD45RA. During intrauterine development, neonatal IS is in contact with mother IS and because a pro-inflammatory Th1 response could lead to...
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Age-related variables in ELT training
Koutská, Iva ; Dvořák, Bohuslav (referee)
Univerzita Karlova Pedagogická fakulta Katedra anglického jazyka a literatury RIGORÓZNÍ PRÁCE ABSTRAKT V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Age-related variables in ELT training Příprava učitelů anglického jazyka pro různé věkové skupiny Mgr. Iva Koutská, Ph.D. Studijní program: Učitelství pro střední školy Studijní obor: Učitelství všeobecně vzdělávacích předmětů pro základní školy a střední školy - anglický jazyk 2020 Abstract ELT training has a long tradition in the Czech Republic, however one issue is still underestimated in Pre/In-service ELT training, and that is ELT training for different age groups. The ELT programmes are oriented at elementary (i.e. primary school kids and lower secondary) and secondary (i.e. upper secondary) school pupils. The typical Czech graduates are well- educated and prepared to teach English to the age-group 6-19. However, the number of English Language teachers teaching pre-primary kids or adults and older adults is increasing every day, and general adult education training and general pre-primary education training is not interconnected with ELT training courses in any way. In the theoretical part, the text shows on the current demographical situation of the Czech Republic that the percentage of the population ELT training programmes are oriented at is very small. Secondly, the text shows...
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